ABSTRACT
Background: Gigantomastia is a breast disorder marked by exaggerated rapid growth of the breasts, generally bilaterally. Since this disorder is very rare and has been reported only in sparse case reports its etiology has yet to be fully established. Treatment is aimed at improving the clinical and psychological symptoms and reducing the treatment side effects; however, the best therapeutic option varies from case to case
Case Presentation: The present report described a case of gestational gigantomastia in a 30-year-old woman, gravida 2, parity 1, 17 week pregnant admitted to Pars Hospital, Tehran, Iran, on May 2014. The patient was admitted to hospital at week 17 of pregnancy, although her breasts initially had begun to enlarge from the first trimester. The patient developed hypercalcemia in her 32nd week of pregnancy. The present report followed this patient from diagnosis until the completion of treatment
Conclusion: Although gestational gigantomastia is a rare condition, its timely prognosis and careful examination of some conditions like hyperprolactinemia and hypercalcemia is essential in successful management of this condition
ABSTRACT
Anthropometric facial analysis and quantitative measurements are useful methods for diagnosis, as well as planning in plastic surgery. The literature is replete with numerous related studies, few of which are about the Iranian population. This study was conducted to determine the average facial proportions of Iranians and compare it with that of Caucasians. This cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenient sample of 212 Iranians [male=108, female=104] aged 18-30 years who did not have any previous major facial surgery or trauma and their past two generations were Iranian. Measurements between facial landmarks were determined and compared with Caucasians with Student and one sample t-tests [P<0.05, 95% CI]. The intercanthal [en-en] and eye widths [ex-en/R], forehead height 2 [tr-n], trichion-endocanthion [tr-en] and nasofacial and nasofrontal angles were not significantly different between the participating men and women but other facial measurements were significantly different [?<0.05]. The head [ft-ft], eye [ex-en/R/L] and nose widths [al-al] and upper face height [n-sto], nasofrontal angle and nasal tip protrusion in the study population were not significantly different from Caucasians. The upper lip [sn-sto], lower face [sn-gn] and forehead heights [tr-n] and nasofacial angle of the female participants were not significantly different from Caucasian women but other facial measurements were significantly different [?<0.05]. Most facial anthropometric measurements of Iranian subjects were significantly different from those of Caucasians. More precise studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to reach a common conclusion on the facial anthropometric similarities or differences between the two populations